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  • Posted by $ jdg 14 hours, 13 minutes ago
    Washington, in his farewell address, warned against that very "reinterpretation."
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  • Posted by freedomforall 1 week, 5 days ago
    If I could give you a million thumbs up, I would. 👍
    (But then they would be fiat thumbs-up and as inflated as the USD has been for the past 112 years.;^)
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  • Posted by Commander 1 week, 5 days ago
    So, here is your answer: US Supreme Court (1992) Justice Scalia for the majority,

    "UNITED STATES, PETITIONER v. JOHN H. WILLIAMS, Jr.
    on writ of certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the tenth circuit
    [May 4, 1992]
    Justice Scalia delivered the opinion of the Court."

    Sect. "A" excerpt:
    ""[R]ooted in long centuries of Anglo American history," Hannah v. Larche, 363 U.S. 420, 490 (1960) (Frankfurter, J., concurring in result), the grand jury is mentioned in the Bill of Rights, but not in the body of the Constitution. It has not been textually assigned, therefore, to any of the branches described in the first three Articles. It " `is a constitutional fixture in its own right.' " United States v. Chanen, 549 F. 2d 1306, 1312 (CA9) (quoting Nixon v. Sirica, 159 U.S. App. D.C. 58, 70, n. 54, 487 F. 2d 700, 712, n. 54 (1973)), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 825 (1977). In fact the whole theory of its function is that it belongs to no branch of the institutional government, serving as a kind of buffer or referee between the Government and the people. See Stirone v. United States, 361 U.S. 212, 218 (1960); Hale v. Henkel, 201 U.S. 43, 61 (1906); G. Edwards, The Grand Jury 28-32 (1906). Although the grand jury normally operates, of course, in the courthouse and under judicial auspices, its institutional relationship with the judicial branch has traditionally been, so to speak, at arm's length. Judges' direct involvement in the functioning of the grand jury has generally been confined to the constitutive one of calling the grand jurors together and administering their oaths of office. See United States v. Calandra, 414 U.S. 338, 343 (1974); Fed. Rule Crim. Proc. 6(a).

    This is the final Power of We The People. First, to Assemble. Second, to redress grievance. Third, to bring forth a true bill of indictment before the court.
    The whole thing is a process of education and reintroduction of the principles of law in common jurisdiction. The Court is a functionary of The Grand Jury, as well as all the elected boards across the country.
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